Chemistry (AS Level)·Chemical bonding · NSSCAS 1.3.1–1.3.2
Ionic, covalent & dative covalent bonding
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Atoms bond to reach stable electron arrangements. Learn ionic bonding as electrostatic attraction between ions, covalent bonding as shared electron pairs, and the dative covalent bond where one atom supplies both electrons — all drawn with dot-and-cross diagrams and linked to physical properties.
What you'll learn in this lesson
By the end you should be able to (NSSCAS Chemistry (AS Level) 1.3.1–1.3.2):
- Describe ionic bonding (NaCl, MgO, CaF₂) using dot-and-cross diagrams and as electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
- Describe, interpret and predict the effect of ionic bonding on physical properties and explain electrical conductivity when solid, molten and in solution
- Describe covalent bonding with dot-and-cross diagrams (H₂, Cl₂, O₂, N₂, HCl, CO₂, CH₄, C₂H₄)
- Describe dative covalent (co-ordinate) bonding (NH₄⁺, Al₂Cl₆, CO, H₃O⁺)
- Describe, interpret and predict the effect of covalent bonding on physical properties
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